La collégialité gouvernementale en Nouvelle-Calédonie
La collégialité calédonienne suggère l’existence d’un « droit de veto implicite » des grandes formations sur une décision de l’exécutif, lorsqu’elle susciterait une hostilité manifeste, et d’une retenue parallèle de celui-ci à passer en force sur un tel dossier. Retenue majoritaire et veto minoritaire sur l’essentiel, c’est sans doute là l’équation possible de la démocratie de concordance. Il revient aux élus de forger ensemble une « coutume constitutionnelle », qui sera unanimement acceptée parce que considérée comme la règle de droit.
The members of the government of New Caledonia are elected thanks to a system of proportional representation. This deeply changes the political system based on a simplistic electoral mathematics rule slightly limited by the possibility to choose the number of members of the government. The proportional representation gives the New Caledonian political system its exceptional characteristic. It is unlikely that the Swiss like democratic system may work in New Caledonia. The Fijian political organisation does not arouse optimism but its concept deserves to be adapted to New Caledonia.
The New Caledonian political system leads to the acknowledgement of a "right for implicit veto" used by the big parties in case of disagreement on any decision made by the executive power and on the other hand, of constraints that prevent the executive power from passing a project by force. The constraints placed upon the majority and the vetoes of the minority on what is essential undoubtedly make up the formula of a democracy of concordance. It is up to the elected representatives to create "a constitutional custom".